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In other words, it is a gamble. .
The reverse is also correct. If computational power is taken off of the network, the problem adjusts downward to earn mining easier. .
"Say I tell three friends that I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and that I write that number on a sheet of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the exact number, they simply must be the very first person to guess any number that is less than or equal to this number I'm thinking of.
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"Let's say I am thinking about the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21they shed because 21>19. If Friend B guesses 16 and Friend C guesses 12, then they've both theoretically arrived at viable answers, because 16<19 and 12<19. There's no'extra credit' for Friend B, even though B's answer was closer to the target answer of 19. .
"Now imagine that I present the'imagine what number I am thinking of' question, however I'm not asking just 3 friends, and I am not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Rather, I'm asking millions of would-be miners and I am thinking about a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it is going to be extremely difficult to guess the ideal answer." .
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If 1 in 7 trillion doesn't sound hard enough as is, here's the grab to the grab. Not only do bitcoin miners have to come up with the right hash, they also have to be the very first to do it.
Because bitcoin mining is essentially guesswork, arriving at the right answer before another miner has almost everything to do with how fast your computer can create hashes. Just a decade ago, bitcoin miners can be performed competitively on normal desktop computers. Over time, however, miners realized that graphics cards commonly used for video games tend to be more effective at mining than desktops and graphics processing units (GPU) came to dominate the match.
These can run from $500 to the tens of thousands. .
Today, bitcoin mining is so aggressive it can only be done profitably using all the latest up-to-date ASICs. When using desktop computers, GPUs, or elderly versions of ASICs, the expense of energy consumption actually surpasses the revenue generated. Even with the newest unit available, one computer is seldom enough to compete with exactly what miners call"mining pools." .
A mining pool is a group of miners that combine their computing power and split the mined bitcoin between participants. A disproportionately large number of blocks are mined by pools rather than by individual miners. In July 2017, mining pools and companies represented approximately 80% to 90 percent of bitcoin computing power. .
Between 1 in 7 trillion odds, scaling difficulty levels, and the huge network of consumers verifying transactions, one block of transactions is verified roughly every 10 minutes. But its important to remember that 10 minutes is a target, not a rule.
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The bitcoin network can process about seven transactions per second, with transactions being logged in the blockchain every 10 minutes. Since the network of bitcoin users continues to grow, but the number of transactions made in 10 minutes will eventually exceed the number of transactions that can be processed in 10 minutes.
This dilemma at the center of the bitcoin protocol is known as scaling. While bitcoin miners generally agree that something has to be done in order to address scaling, there is less consensus about how do it. In the time of writing, there are two major solutions to this scaling problem, either (1) to lower the amount of data needed to confirm each block or (2) to increase the number of get more transactions that every block can store.
Solution 2 will cope with scaling by allowing for much more information to be processed every 10 minutes. .
In July 2017, bitcoin miners and mining companies representing approximately 80% to 90 percent of their networks computing electricity voted to incorporate a program that would reduce the amount of data helpful hints needed to confirm each block. In other words, they went with Solution 1.
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The app that miners voted to increase the bitcoin protocol is known as a segregated witness, or SegWit. This term is an amalgamation of Segregated, meaning to different, and Witness, which refers to signatures on a bitcoin transaction. Segregated Witness, then, means to separate transaction signatures from a block and join them as an extended block.